【中英文對照】《中國的亞太安全合作政策》白皮書(shū)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-01-20 15:49:02 | 來(lái)源：中國網(wǎng) | 作者： | 責任編輯：李瀟| 一、中國對亞太安全合作的政策主張 | I. China's Policies and Positions on Asia-Pacific Security Cooperation |
| 當前，亞太地區形勢總體穩定向好，和平與發(fā)展的勢頭依然強勁，是當前全球格局中的穩定板塊。促和平、求穩定、謀發(fā)展是多數國家的戰略取向和共同訴求。亞太國家間政治互信不斷增強，大國互動(dòng)頻繁并總體保持合作態(tài)勢。通過(guò)對話(huà)協(xié)商處理分歧和爭端是各國主要政策取向，地區熱點(diǎn)和爭議問(wèn)題基本可控。亞太經(jīng)濟保持平穩較快增長(cháng)，處于世界經(jīng)濟增長(cháng)“高地”。區域一體化加速推進(jìn)，次區域合作蓬勃發(fā)展。各類(lèi)自貿安排穩步推進(jìn)，互聯(lián)互通建設進(jìn)入新一輪活躍期。同時(shí)，亞太地區仍面臨諸多不穩定、不確定因素。朝鮮半島問(wèn)題復雜敏感，阿富汗和解進(jìn)程進(jìn)展緩慢，領(lǐng)土主權和海洋權益爭端繼續發(fā)酵。一些國家加大在亞太軍事部署，個(gè)別國家推動(dòng)軍事松綁，部分國家經(jīng)歷復雜政治社會(huì )轉型，恐怖主義、自然災害、跨國犯罪等非傳統安全威脅日益突出。受自身結構性問(wèn)題和外部經(jīng)濟金融風(fēng)險等影響，亞洲經(jīng)濟仍面臨較大下行壓力。作為亞太大家庭中的重要一員，中國深知自身和平發(fā)展與亞太未來(lái)息息相關(guān)，一直以來(lái)以促進(jìn)亞太繁榮穩定為己任。中國愿同地區國家秉持合作共贏(yíng)理念，扎實(shí)推進(jìn)安全對話(huà)合作，共同維護亞太和平與穩定的良好局面。 | Currently, the situation in the Asia-Pacific region is stable on the whole, with a strong momentum for peace and development. The Asia-Pacific region is a stable part of the global landscape. To promote peace and seek stability and development is the strategic goal and common aspiration of most countries in the region. Political mutual trust among countries has been strengthened, and major countries have frequently interacted and cooperated with one another. To address differences and disputes through negotiation and consultation is the major policy of countries in the region. Regional hotspot issues and disputes are basically under control.The region has secured steady and relatively fast growth, continuing to lead the world in this respect. Regional integration has gathered pace, with booming sub-regional cooperation. Free trade arrangements in various forms have made steady progress, and a new phase has emerged for dynamic connectivity building. However, the Asia-Pacific region still faces multiple destabilizing and uncertain factors. The nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula is complex and sensitive; the reconciliation process in Afghanistan remains slow; and disputes over territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests continue to unfold. Some countries are increasing their military deployment in the region, certain country seeks to shake off military constraints, and some countries are undergoing complex political and social transformations. Non-traditional security threats such as terrorism, natural disasters and transnational crimes have become more prominent. Asia's economy still faces significant downward pressure as a result of its structural problems as well as external economic and financial risks. As an important member of the Asia-Pacific family, China is fully aware that its peaceful development is closely linked with the future of the region. China has all along taken the advancement of regional prosperity and stability as its own responsibility. China is ready to pursue security through dialogue and cooperation in the spirit of working together for mutually beneficial results, and safeguard peace and stability jointly with other countries in the region. |
| 第一，促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展，夯實(shí)亞太和平穩定的經(jīng)濟基礎。擴大經(jīng)濟利益融合是國家間關(guān)系的重要基礎，實(shí)現共同發(fā)展是維護和平穩定的根本保障，是解決各類(lèi)安全問(wèn)題的“總鑰匙”。亞太地區在經(jīng)濟合作方面已取得不少成果，應在此基礎上加快經(jīng)濟一體化進(jìn)程，繼續推進(jìn)自貿區建設和互聯(lián)互通，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟社會(huì )全面發(fā)展。落實(shí)聯(lián)合國2030年可持續發(fā)展議程，縮小區內發(fā)展差距，讓各國和各階層民眾共享發(fā)展紅利，拉緊各國利益紐帶。 | First, we should promote common development and lay a solid economic foundation for peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region. To enhance the convergence of economic interests is an important basis for sound state-to-state relations. Common development provides a fundamental safeguard for peace and stability, and holds the key to various security issues. Considerable achievements have been made in economic cooperation. On this basis, we should accelerate the process of economic integration and continue to advance the building of free trade areas and connectivity as well as comprehensive economic and social development. We should implement the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and narrow the developmental gap in the region, so that all countries and people of all social strata will enjoy the dividends of development, and the interests of countries will be more closely intertwined. |
| 著(zhù)眼于共同發(fā)展，中國提出并積極推動(dòng)“一帶一路”建設，倡議成立了亞洲基礎設施投資銀行和絲路基金。中國歡迎各國繼續積極參與，實(shí)現互利共贏(yíng)。 | Focusing on common development, China has put forward and actively promoted the Belt and Road Initiative and initiated the establishment of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Silk Road Fund. We welcome continued participation by all countries for mutually beneficial outcomes. |
| 第二，推進(jìn)伙伴關(guān)系建設，筑牢亞太和平穩定的政治根基。亞太地區國家具有獨特的多樣性。志同道合是伙伴，求同存異同樣可以成為伙伴，關(guān)鍵在于平等相待、合作共贏(yíng)。亞太大國對維護地區和平與發(fā)展至關(guān)重要，應客觀(guān)理性看待他方戰略意圖，拋棄冷戰思維，相互尊重正當合理的利益關(guān)切，加強良性互動(dòng)，合作應對地區挑戰。中小國家沒(méi)有必要也不應在大國之間選邊站隊。地區國家應共同努力，走“對話(huà)而不對抗，結伴而不結盟”的新路，共建互信、包容、合作、共贏(yíng)的亞太伙伴關(guān)系。 | Second, we should promote the building of partnerships and strengthen the political foundation for peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region. Asia-Pacific countries have unique diversities. Countries may become partners when they have the same values and ideals, but they can also be partners if they seek common ground while reserving differences. The key is to remain committed to treating each other as equals and carrying out mutually beneficial cooperation. How major countries in the Asia-Pacific region get along with each other is critical for maintaining regional peace and development. Major countries should treat the strategic intentions of others in an objective and rational manner, reject the Cold War mentality, respect others' legitimate interests and concerns, strengthen positive interactions and respond to challenges with concerted efforts. Small and medium-sized countries need not and should not take sides among big countries. All countries should make joint efforts to pursue a new path of dialogue instead of confrontation and pursue partnerships rather than alliances, and build an Asia-Pacific partnership featuring mutual trust, inclusiveness and mutually beneficial cooperation. |
| 中國提出構建以合作共贏(yíng)為核心的新型國際關(guān)系，致力于同各國、各地區組織建立不同形式的伙伴關(guān)系。中國致力于與美國構建不沖突不對抗、相互尊重、合作共贏(yíng)的新型大國關(guān)系，與俄羅斯不斷深化全面戰略協(xié)作伙伴關(guān)系，與印度積極構建更加緊密的發(fā)展伙伴關(guān)系，推動(dòng)中日關(guān)系持續改善。中國領(lǐng)導人多次在不同場(chǎng)合闡述命運共同體理念，積極推動(dòng)構建瀾滄江－湄公河國家命運共同體和中國－東盟命運共同體，推動(dòng)亞洲命運共同體和亞太命運共同體建設。 | China calls for the building of a new model of international relations centered on mutually beneficial cooperation. China is committed to building partnerships in different forms with all countries and regional organizations. China has committed itself to working with the United States to build a new model of major-country relations featuring non-conflict, non-confrontation, mutual respect, and mutually beneficial cooperation. China is committed to deepening its comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination with Russia and establishing a closer partnership with India. It is also pushing for the improvement of its relations with Japan. Chinese leaders have repeatedly elaborated on the concept of a community of shared future on many different occasions. China is working to construct a community of shared future for countries along the Lancang-Mekong River and between China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as well as in Asia and the Asia-Pacific area as a whole. |
| 第三，完善現有地區多邊機制，鞏固亞太和平穩定的框架支撐。地區國家應堅持多邊主義，反對單邊主義，繼續支持地區多邊安全機制發(fā)展，推動(dòng)相關(guān)機制密切協(xié)調配合，為增進(jìn)相互理解與互信、擴大安全對話(huà)交流與合作發(fā)揮更大作用。 | Third, we should improve the existing regional multilateral mechanisms and strengthen the framework for supporting peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region. All parties concerned should adhere to multilateralism, oppose unilateralism, further support the development of regional multilateral security mechanisms, push for close coordination between relevant mechanisms, and play a bigger role in enhancing mutual understanding and trust, and expanding exchanges and cooperation in the field of security dialogues. |
| 中國致力于推進(jìn)地區安全機制建設，同有關(guān)國家共同發(fā)起成立上海合作組織和六方會(huì )談，搭建香山論壇平臺，建立中國－東盟執法安全合作部長(cháng)級對話(huà)機制、籌建瀾滄江－湄公河綜合執法安全合作中心，積極支持亞洲相互協(xié)作與信任措施會(huì )議加強能力和機制建設，參與東盟主導的多邊安全對話(huà)合作機制。中國在各個(gè)地區機制下提出一系列非傳統安全領(lǐng)域合作倡議，有力推動(dòng)了相關(guān)領(lǐng)域交流與合作。中國將承擔更多國際地區安全責任，為亞太地區乃至世界提供更多公共安全產(chǎn)品。 | Committed to pushing forward the building of regional security mechanisms, China initiated with relevant countries the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), Six-Party Talks, Xiangshan Forum, China-ASEAN Ministerial Dialogue on Law Enforcement and Security Cooperation, and Center for Comprehensive Law Enforcement and Security Cooperation in the Lancang-Mekong Sub-Region. China has actively supported the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (CICA) in its capacity and institution building, and participated in the ASEAN-led multilateral security dialogues and cooperation mechanisms. Within various regional mechanisms, China has made a large number of cooperation proposals in the field of non-traditional security, which have strongly promoted relevant exchanges and cooperation. China will shoulder greater responsibilities for regional and global security, and provide more public security services to the Asia-Pacific region and the world at large. |
| 第四，推動(dòng)規則建設，完善亞太和平穩定的制度保障。國家之間和平相處需要秉持法治精神，遵守以《聯(lián)合國憲章》宗旨和原則為基礎的國際關(guān)系準則，以普遍接受、公正合理的規則為保障。國際和地區規則應由各國共商共建共享，不能由哪一個(gè)國家說(shuō)了算，不能把個(gè)別國家的規則當作“國際規則”，更不能允許個(gè)別國家打著(zhù)所謂“法治”的幌子侵犯別國合法權益。 | Fourth, we should promote the rule-setting and improve the institutional safeguards for peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region. To live together in peace, countries should follow the spirit of the rule of law, the international norms based on the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and the widely recognized rules of fairness and justice. International and regional rules should be discussed, formulated and observed by all countries concerned, rather than being dictated by any particular country. Rules of individual countries should not automatically become "international rules," still less should individual countries be allowed to violate the lawful rights and interests of others under the pretext of "rule of law." |
| 中國是國際法治和地區規則秩序的堅定維護者和積極建設者。為在國際關(guān)系中踐行法治精神，中國同印度、緬甸于1954年共同倡導了和平共處五項原則。中國迄今已加入幾乎所有政府間國際組織和400多項國際多邊條約。中國致力于維護地區海上安全和秩序，加強機制規則建設。2014年中國推動(dòng)在華舉行的西太平洋海軍論壇年會(huì )通過(guò)《海上意外相遇規則》。中國將與東盟國家繼續全面有效落實(shí)《南海各方行為宣言》，爭取在協(xié)商一致基礎上早日達成“南海行為準則”。此外，中國還積極參與網(wǎng)絡(luò )空間、外空等國際新疆域規則的協(xié)商，推動(dòng)制定普遍接受、公正合理的國際規則。 | China has firmly upheld and actively contributed to international law, and regional rules and norms. To practice the rule of law in international relations, China, together with India and Myanmar, initiated the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence in 1954. China has acceded to almost all inter-governmental international organizations and more than 400 international multilateral treaties so far. China is committed to upholding regional maritime security and order, and enhancing the building of institutions and rules. In 2014 China presided over the adoption of the updated Code for Unplanned Encounters at Sea at the Western Pacific Naval Symposium held in China. China and ASEAN countries will continue to fully and effectively implement the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) and strive for the early conclusion of a Code of Conduct (COC) on the basis of consensus in the framework of the DOC. In addition, China has taken an active part in consultations on setting rules in new areas such as cyberspace and outer space, so as to contribute to the formulation of widely accepted fair and equitable international rules. |
| 第五，密切軍事交流合作，增強亞太和平穩定的保障力量。中國面臨多元復雜的安全威脅和挑戰，維護國家統一和領(lǐng)土完整的任務(wù)艱巨繁重。建設與中國國際地位相稱(chēng)、與國家安全和發(fā)展利益相適應的鞏固國防和強大軍隊，是中國現代化建設的戰略任務(wù)，也是中國實(shí)現和平發(fā)展的堅強保障。中國武裝力量為國家發(fā)展提供了安全保障和戰略支撐，也為維護世界和平與地區穩定作出了積極貢獻。 | Fifth, we should intensify military exchanges and cooperation to offer more guarantees for peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region. China faces diverse and complex security threats and challenges, as well as the arduous task of safeguarding national unity and territorial integrity. Building strong national defence and armed forces that are commensurate with China's international standing and its security and development interests is a strategic task in China's modernization drive, and provides a strong guarantee for its peaceful development. China's armed forces provide security and strategic support for the country's development and also make positive contributions to the maintenance of world peace and regional stability. |
| 中國武裝力量是國際安全合作的倡導者、推動(dòng)者和參與者，堅持和平共處五項原則，全方位開(kāi)展對外軍事交往，發(fā)展不結盟、不對抗、不針對第三方的軍事合作關(guān)系，推動(dòng)建立公平有效的集體安全機制和軍事互信機制。中國堅持在相互尊重、平等互利、合作共贏(yíng)的基礎上，深化同各國軍隊的交流與合作，加強邊境地區信任措施合作，推進(jìn)海上安全對話(huà)與合作，參加聯(lián)合國維和行動(dòng)、國際反恐合作、護航和救災行動(dòng)，舉行中外聯(lián)演聯(lián)訓。 | China's armed forces have called for, facilitated, and participated in international security cooperation. China has followed the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, conducted all-round military exchanges with other countries, and developed non-aligned and non-confrontational military cooperation not targetting any third party. It has worked to promote the establishment of just and effective collective security mechanisms and military confidence-building mechanisms. On the basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit, and mutually beneficial cooperation, China has increased interactions and cooperation with the armed forces of other countries, and intensified cooperation on confidence-building measures in border areas. China has promoted dialogue and cooperation on maritime security, participated in United Nations peacekeeping missions, international counter-terrorism cooperation, escort missions and disaster-relief operations, and conducted relevant joint exercises and training with other countries. |
| 第六，妥善處理分歧矛盾，維護亞太和平穩定的良好環(huán)境。亞太地區熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題多為歷史遺留。地區國家應秉持相互尊重、求同存異、和平共處的傳統，通過(guò)直接談判與協(xié)商妥善處理、和平解決爭議問(wèn)題，不能讓老問(wèn)題損害地區發(fā)展與合作，破壞國家間互信。對于領(lǐng)土和海洋權益爭議，應在尊重歷史事實(shí)的基礎上，根據公認的國際法和現代海洋法，包括《聯(lián)合國海洋法公約》所確定的基本原則和法律制度，通過(guò)直接相關(guān)的主權國家間的對話(huà)談判尋求和平解決。在有關(guān)問(wèn)題解決前，各方應開(kāi)展對話(huà)，尋求合作，管控好局勢，防止矛盾激化升級，共同維護地區和平與穩定。 | Sixth, we should properly resolve differences and disputes, and maintain a sound environment of peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region. Most of the hotspot and sensitive issues in this region have been left over from history. To handle them, the countries in the region should follow the tradition of mutual respect, seeking common ground while reserving differences, and peaceful coexistence, and work to solve disputes properly and peacefully through direct negotiation and consultation. We should not allow old problems to hamper regional development and cooperation, and undermine mutual trust. For disputes over territories and maritime rights and interests, the sovereign states directly involved should respect historical facts and seek a peaceful solution through negotiation and consultation in accordance with the fundamental principles and legal procedures defined by universally recognized international law and modern maritime law, including the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Pending a satisfactory solution to disputes, the parties concerned should engage in dialogue to promote cooperation, manage each situation appropriately and prevent conflicts from escalating, so as to jointly safeguard peace and stability in the region. |
| 中國致力于維護南海和平穩定的基本方向不會(huì )改變，致力于同直接當事國通過(guò)友好協(xié)商談判和平解決領(lǐng)土和海洋權益爭議的政策主張也不會(huì )改變。中國積極推動(dòng)朝核、阿富汗等地區熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題和平解決，努力發(fā)揮負責任大國作用。 | China is committed to upholding peace and stability in the South China Sea, and working for peaceful solutions to the disputes over territories and maritime rights and interests with the countries directly involved through friendly negotiation and consultation. This commitment remains unchanged. China has actively pushed for peaceful solutions to hotspot issues such as the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula and the Afghanistan issue, and played its due role as a responsible major country. |
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